Surtout de Table (Table Centerpiece), detail, ca. 1810 . Made by Pierre-Philippe Thomire (French, 1751–1843). Cast and gilt bronze with hand engraving, cut glass, silvered-mirrored glass . Bequest of the Reverend Alfred Duane Pell, 1991-31-1-a/ww. Photo: Ellen McDermott © Smithsonian Institution.
NEW YORK, NY.- Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum presents “Tablescapes: Designs for Dining,” an exhibition that offers a creative timeline of dining experiences through three distinct installations. At the center of the exhibition is Cooper Hewitt’s surtout de table, a magnificent, newly conserved treasure from the museum’s expansive collection of over 210,000 design objects that once ornamented the tables of French nobility at the turn of the 19th century. The exhibition also spotlights the work of the underrecognized but influential textile designer Marguerita Mergentime, active in the 1920s and ’30s, whose work has not received a dedicated museum presentation in 75 years. Pivoting to address 21st-century concerns, the exhibition debuts experimental and collaborative products commissioned from National Design Award-winning designers Joe Doucet and Mary Ping. “Tablescapes” is on view Oct. 5 through April 14, 2019.
“‘Tablescapes’ shows how taste and social values are expressed through style, materials and motifs,” said Caroline Baumann, director of the museum. “From awe-inspiring grandeur to vernacular wit to an emphasis on sustainability, the exhibition provokes a spirited conversation around design’s role in the evolution of a universal ritual.”
Surtout de Table (Table Centerpiece), ca. 1810 . Made by Pierre-Philippe Thomire (French, 1751–1843). Cast and gilt bronze with hand engraving, cut glass, silvered-mirrored glass . Bequest of the Reverend Alfred Duane Pell, 1991-31-1-a/ww. Photo: Ellen McDermott © Smithsonian Institution.
SURTOUT DE TABLE
On view for the first time in 30 years, Cooper Hewitt’s surtout de table was created in Paris around 1805 by Pierre-Philippe Thomire, a French sculptor renowned for creating gilt-bronze objects for the politically and socially powerful. It is believed that Napoleon gave this example as a wedding present to his stepson, Eugène de Beauharnais, whom he often designated to host diplomatic dinners in Paris and Italy.
When placed at the center of a long table, the mirrored plateau and gilt-bronze surfaces of the surtout de table would have reflected the flames of expensive candles. As part of the exhibition’s digital experience, visitors may manipulate an image of the object to view the surtout de table under various lighting conditions. This technology, known as “Reflection Transformation Imaging,” facilitated the extensive conservation treatment of the surtout de table. As documented in an accompanying gallery video, Cooper Hewitt’s conservationists worked in collaboration with external specialists to restore the surface of the surtout de table, dulled by corrosion, to its original golden lustre. Additionally, the conservationists treated the deteriorating silver-leaf backing of the mirrored plateau, making the surtout de table reflective once again.
To contextualize the surtout de table, it is presented with related objects, including a late 18th century Italian drawing for a surtout de table design inspired by the ruins of Pompeii and a fire-gilt and blackened bronze clock made by Antoine-Andre Ravrio (French, 1759–1814) with ornaments in the form of a woman playing piano, said to represent Empress Josephine, the mother of Eugène de Beauharnais, at her fashionable residence Malmaison.
Drawing, Design for a Surtout de Table (Centerpiece), Italy, Late 18th century. Pen and ink, brush and watercolor on paper. Museum purchase through gift of various donors and from Eleanor G. Hewitt Fund, 1938‑88‑4150. Photo: © Smithsonian Institution
Clock, 1807–10 . Made by Antoine-André Ravrio (French, 1759–1814). Fire-gilt bronze, blackened bronze, enameled metal (dial), blued steel (hands), glass . Gift of the Estate of Carl M. Loeb, 1955-82-1. Photo: © Smithsonian Institution.
Cup and saucer from Cabaret Service, 1813 , Attributed to Alexandre Brongniart (French, 1770–1847), Manufactured by Sèvres Porcelain Manufactory (Sèvres, France, founded 1738). Enameled and gilt hard paste porcelain. Gift of Katrina H. Becker in memory of her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Charles V. Hickox, 1981-38-1/8. Photo: Ellen McDermott © Smithsonian Institution.
Cooler, France,ca. 1795. Glazed and gilded porcelain with polychrome overglaze decoration . Bequest of Mrs. John Innes Kane, 1926-22-468-a/c. Photo: © Smithsonian Institution
MARGUERITA MERGENTIME
Marguerita Mergentime (American, 1894-1941) began her design career in New York City in the 1920s, where she made dress fabrics and bath and beach accessories. She belonged to a circle of modernist designers that included Donald Deskey, Gilbert Rohde, Frederick Kiesler and Ilonka Karasz.
In 1934, Mergentime debuted her first designs for home linens at the Industrial Arts Exposition at Rockerfeller Center. She quickly gained recognition for her bright, modernist textile designs, which retailed at desirable department stores and were highlighted in popular magazines as essential accessories for the hostess seeking to vivify informal dining. Each of the eight napkins in the set Wish Fulfillment (1939) stimulated cocktail hour conversation with a depiction of a mystical or pseudoscientific conduit to the future—for instance, dream books or graphology—accompanied by predictions of wealth, success and happiness. Stylish and imbued with typographical interest, the tablecloth Food Quiz (1939) brought humorous, lighthearted debate to the table with conversation sparkers such as, “Do you dish the dirt before you dish the soup?”
Further illuminating Mergentime’s sensibility, the adjacent Spoon Family Gallery is dedicated to archival materials and the hanging Americana (1939), which entertained visitors at the Golden Gate International Exposition in San Francisco by uniting the names of 360 iconic American phrases, organizations, foods, points of interest and people.
Cocktail Napkins, Wish Fulfillment, 1939.Designed by Marguerita Mergentime (American, 1894–1941). Manufactured by Raymour Manufacturing Company (New York, New York, USA). Distributed by Wright Accessories (New York, New York, USA). Screen-printed linen plain weave. Lent by Mergentime Family Archive. Photo: © Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum.
Tablecloth, New York World’s Fair, 1939. Designed by Marguerita Mergentime (American, 1894–1941). Manufactured by Fallani and Cohn (New York, New York, USA). Screen-printed linen plain weave. Lent by Mergentime Family Archive. Photo: © Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum.
Tablecloth, Food Quiz, 1939. Designed by Marguerita Mergentime (American, 1894–1941). Manufactured by Raymour Manufacturing Corporation (New York, New York, USA). Distributed by Wright Accessories (New York, New York, USA). Screen-printed linen plain weave. Lent by Mergentime Family Archive. Photo: © Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum.
JOE DOUCET AND MARY PING
For this exhibition, Cooper Hewitt commissioned Joe Doucet (American, born 1970), recipient of the 2017 National Design Award for Product Design, and Mary Ping (American, born 1978), recipient of the 2017 National Design Award for Fashion Design and founder of the studio Slow and Steady Wins the Race, to envision the future of dining. The designers address a near future in which users approach dining with greater speed and efficiency, and live in cities that are more densely populated than ever.
The Concentric and Decentric Tables and Seating, designed by Ping and the New York-based architectural firm Bureau V, can fold to seat a small group or expand to accomodate a gathering of up to nine people. Appropriately for a future of increasing material scarcity, its terrazzo-patterned surface is made not from stone, but from recyled food packaging.
Presented on the amoeba-shaped eating surfaces of Ping’s table, Doucet designed multifunctional servingware that can be used to cook, serve and store food and a set of cutlery designed for users who dine on a variety of international cuisines. Doucet fabricated the designs using 3D printing to allow for greater customization.
“Tablescapes: Designs for Dining” is made possible by Anonymous. Conservation of the surtout de table is made possible by the Smithsonian Women’s Committee. In-kind support is provided by Shapeways and The Abadi Group.
Pure+Applied designed the exhibition.