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A blue and white vase with fruit sprays, meiping, Yongle style

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A blue and white vase with fruit sprays, meiping, Yongle style

Lot 182. A blue and white vase with fruit sprays, meiping, Yongle style. H. 36,2 cm. Estimate 2.000/3.000 €. Lot sold 1.350.000 €. Courtesy Nagel

Very minor traces of use.

Provenance: Property from a German private collection, according to the owners since 50 years in family possession.

NoteCf. Regina Krahl, Chinese Ceramics from the Meiyintang Collection, London, 1994-2010, vol. 4, no. 1641.

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An outstanding blue and white vase with fruit sprays, meiping, Ming dynasty, Yongle period (1403-1425), from The Meiyintang Collection; 36.5 cm., 14 3/8 in. Sold for 168,660,000 HKD at Sotheby's Hong Kong, 5 october 2011, lot 11. Photo: Sotheby's

Cf. my post: An outstanding blue and white vase with fruit sprays, meiping, Ming dynasty, Yongle period (1403-1425)

Nagel. "Asiatische Kunst - Salzburg", 06.12.2017


A large blue and white 'Pheasant and flowers' jar, Wanli period (1573-1620)

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A large blue and white pheasant and flowers jar, Wanli period

Lot 183. A large blue and white 'Pheasant and flowers' jar, Wanli period (1573-1620). H. 38,5 cmEstimate 6.000/10.000 €. Lot sold 3.000 €. Courtesy Nagel

Glaze frits to the rim.

Provenance: Property from an old Berlin private collection, bought 1984 from Gallery venzke in Berlin.

Nagel. "Asiatische Kunst - Salzburg", 06.12.2017

A large blue and white 'Peacock and flower' plate from the collection of Augustus the Strong (1670-1733), Kangxi period

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A large blue and white 'Peackock and flower' blue and white porcelain plate from the collection of Augustus the Strong (1670-1733), China, Kangxi period, Johanneums mark N

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Lot 188. A large blue and white 'Peacock and flower' porcelain plate from the collection of Augustus the Strong (1670-1733), Kangxi period, Johanneums mark N. 295D. 47,7 cm. Estimate 5.000/8.000 €. Lot sold 5.000 €. Courtesy Nagel

Short firing crack to rim otherwise good condition.

Provenance- Former collection Augustus the Strong, sold Lepke Berlin from the Saxonian state treasure

- Old Frankonian private collection

Nagel. "Asiatische Kunst - Salzburg", 06.12.2017

A rare six-necked underglaze blue vase 'liukongping', Qianlong four-character mark and of the period (1736-1795)

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A rare six-necked underglaze blue vase 'liukongping', Qianlong four-character mark and of the period (1736-1795)

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Lot 195. A rare six-necked underglaze blue vase 'liukongping', Qianlong four-character mark and of the period (1736-1795). H. 17 cm. Estimate 40.000/60.000 €. Lot sold 60.000 €. Courtesy Nagel 

The vase is potted as six conjoined amphoras, with five bodies, necks, and spouts enclosing one central and slightly taller vase. It is decorated with leafy lotos scrolls between ruyi-head and lappet bands at the foot and shoulder. The large spout in the middle partly restored

ProvenanceProperty from an important European private collection, bought at Christie's London, 6.11.2012, Lot 230.

NoteSeveral other examples of multi-spouted vases are illustrated in Special Exhibition of K'ang-hsi, Yung-cheng and Ch'ien-lung Porcelain Ware from the Ch'ing Dynasty, 1986, no. 96 (NPM Taibei), in Oriental Ceramics, The World's Great Collections, vol. 10, no. 265 (MFA Boston), in Splendour of the Qing Dynasty, catalogue no. 214 (HK Museum of Art), and in Oriental Ceramics, The World's Greatest Collections, vol. 9, no. 128 (Freer Gallery of Art, Washington D.C.). Similar vases were also sold at past auctions, c.f. a celadon-glazed piece at Sotheby's NY, 20-03-2012, Lot 237, and an almost identical one at Sotheby's Paris, 13-06-2012, Lot 69

Six conjoined vases Porcelain, underglaze blue Qing dynasty, Qianlong reign (1735-1796) NPM

Six conjoined vases Porcelain, underglaze blue, Qing dynasty, Qianlong reign (1735-1796), National Palace Museum, Taipei.

A rare celadon-glazed six-necked vase (Liukongping), Qianlong Seal Mark And Period

A rare celadon-glazed six-necked vase (Liukongping), Qianlong seal mark and period. Height 8 3/4 in., 22.5 cm. Sold for 572,500 USD at Sotheby's New York, 20 March 2012, lot 237Photo Sotheby's

Cf. my post: A rare celadon-glazed six-necked vase (Liukongping), Qianlong seal mark and period

 Rare vase à six cols en porcelaine bleu blanc, Liukongping

A fine and rare blue and white porcelain six-spouted vase, Liukongping, China, Qing Dynasty, four-character Qianlong seal mark and period (1736-1795), red paper inventory label; 17 cm, 6 3/4 in. Sold for 1,207,150 EUR at Sotheby's Paris, 13 Jun 2012, lot 69Photo Sotheby's

Cf. my post: Rare vase à six cols en porcelaine bleu blanc, Liukongping, Chine, Dynastie Qing, marque et époque Qianlong (1736-1795) 

Nagel. "Asiatische Kunst - Salzburg", 06.12.2017

Osias Beert the Elder (1580 – 1624), Three 'Basket of Flowers', circa 1610, 1615, circa 1620

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Osias Beert the Elder (1580 – 1624), Basket of Flowers, circa 1610. Oil on canvas. Height: 53 cm (20.87 in.), Width: 75 cm (29.53 in.). Musée du Louvre, Paris.

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Osias Beert the Elder (1580 – 1624), Basket of Flowers, 1615. Oil on panel. Overall: 19 7/8 x 25 7/8 in. (50.5 x 65.74 cm). Dallas Museum of Art.

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Osias Beert the Elder (1580 – 1624), Basket of Flowers, circa 1620. Oil on panel, 21 1/8 × 29 1/2 in. (53.7 × 74.9 cm). Museum of Fine Arts, Houston.

A fine green-enameled 'Dragon' dish, Zhengde six-character mark and of the period (1506-1521)

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A fine green-enameled 'Dragon' dish, Zhengde six-character mark and of the period (1506-1521)

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Lot 196. A fine green-enameled 'Dragon' dish, Zhengde six-character mark and of the period (1506-1521). D. 17,7 cm. Estimate 9.000/12.000 €. Lot sold 15.000 €. Courtesy Nagel 

This dish is finely potted with shallow, rounded sides supported on a slightly tapering foot. The interior is decorated with a five-clawed dragon striding amongst fire scrolls and clouds highlighted in green enamel, its scaly head, body and limbs incised, all encircled within a green border repeated at the rim. The reverse is similarly decorated with a pair of green dragons racing through a sea of incised wavesVery small restoration, chip to the rim with very short related hairline, tiny chip to stand.

Provenance: Property from a German private collection, collected between 1940 and 2000.

NoteCf. collection of the British Museum, nos. 8:33 and 8:34; Another one also in the British Museum, illustrated in Harrison-Hall, Jessica: Ming Ceramics in the British Museum, pp. 208-209. Two other dishes in the Percival David Foundation, described in Medley, Margaret: Ming Polychrome Wares in the Percival David Foundation of Chinese Art, London, 1978, no. A725, pl. XI; Another dish illustrated in Krahl, Regina: Chinese Ceramics from the Meiyintang Collection, London, 1994, vol. 2, no. 694, pp. 78-78.

Nagel. "Asiatische Kunst - Salzburg", 06.12.2017

A good wucai gu-shaped beaker vase, Transitional period, mid 17th century

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A good wucai gu-shaped beaker vase, Transitional period, mid 17th century

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Lot 197. A good wucaigu-shaped beaker vase, Transitional period, mid 17th century. H. 39,6 cm. Estimate 6.000/10.000 €. Lot sold 10.000 €. Courtesy Nagel 

Minor wear.

Provenance: Property from a German private collection, collected between 1940 and 2000.

Nagel. "Asiatische Kunst - Salzburg", 06.12.2017

A wucai porcelain rouleau vase with career expectations, Transitional period

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A wucai porcelain rouleau vase with career expectations, Transitional period

Lot 198. A wucai porcelain rouleau vase with career expectations, Transitional period. H. 25,2 cm. Estimate 2.000/3.000 €. Lot sold 2.000 €. Courtesy Nagel 

Good condition.

Provenance: Property from a German private collection, collected between 1940 and 2000.

Nagel. "Asiatische Kunst - Salzburg", 06.12.2017


A good wucai 'Flowers and Antiques' porcelain vase, Transitional period

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A good wucai 'Flowers and Antiques' porcelain vase, Transitional period

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Lot 199. A good wucai'Flowers and Antiques' porcelain vase, Transitional period. H. 45 cm. Estimate 4.000/6.000 €. Lot sold 4.000 €. Courtesy Nagel 

Short hairline and tiny chip to mouth rim.

Provenance: Property from an old Munich private collection, bought from Christine Haider, 7.4.1987.

Nagel. "Asiatische Kunst - Salzburg", 06.12.2017

A fine and very rare 'doucai' porcelain bowl depicting scholars and servants, Yongzheng six-character mark and of the period

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A fine and very rare 'doucai' porcelain bowl depicting scholars and servants, Yongzheng six-character mark and of the period (1723-1735)

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Lot 205. A fine and very rare 'doucai' porcelain bowl depicting scholars and servants, Yongzheng six-character mark and of the period (1723-1735). D. 12,8 cm. Estimate 30.000/50.000. Lot sold 110.000 €. Courtesy Nagel 

Good condition.

Provenance: Property from an European private collection.

Nagel. "Asiatische Kunst - Salzburg", 06.12.2017

A rare large polychrome decorated ladies and boys bottle vase, Yongzheng period (1723-1735)

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A rare large polychrome decorated ladies and boys bottle vase, Yongzheng period (1723-1735)

Lot 202. A rare large polychrome decorated 'Ladies and boys' bottle vase, Yongzheng period (1723-1735). H. 43,7 cm. Estimate 10.000/15.000 €. Lot sold 20.000 €. Courtesy Nagel 

Mouth rim with silver mounts.

Provenance: Property from an old Berlin private collection, bought around 1975 at Sotheby's London.

Nagel. "Asiatische Kunst - Salzburg", 06.12.2017

A polychrome decorated porcelain brushpot depicting the wedding march of Zhong Kui's sister, Yongzheng period (1723-1735)

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A polychrome decorated porcelain brushpot depicting the wedding march of Zhong Kui's sister, Yongzheng period (1723-1735)

Lot 200. A polychrome decorated porcelain brushpot depicting the wedding march of Zhong Kui's sister, Yongzheng period (1723-1735). H. 14,4 cm. Estimate 3.000/5.000 €. Lot sold 2.800 €. Courtesy Nagel 

Very minor wear to enamels.

Provenance: Property from a German private collection, assembled in the late 1960s.

Nagel. "Asiatische Kunst - Salzburg", 06.12.2017

A fine pair grisaille decorated porcelain landscape wine cups, Yongzheng period (1723-1735)

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A fine pair grisaille decorated porcelain landscape wine cups, Yongzheng period (1723-1735)

A fine pair grisaille decorated porcelain landscape wine cups, Yongzheng period (1723-1735)

Lot 203. A fine pair grisaille decorated porcelain landscape wine cups, Yongzheng period (1723-1735). D. 5,2 cm. Estimate 2.000/3.000 €. Lot sold 1.800 €. Courtesy Nagel 

Box, few very small chips to stand, carved wood stands.

Provenance: Property from a Bavarian private collection, bought 1995.

Nagel. "Asiatische Kunst - Salzburg", 06.12.2017

A nest of seven grisaille painted porcelain bowls with Daoist Immortals, the largest bowl with iron-red Daoguang seal mark, 19th

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A nest of seven grisaille painted porcelain bowls with Daoist Immortals, the largest bowl with iron-red Daoguang seal mark, 19th century

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Lot 204. A nest of seven grisaille painted porcelain bowls with Daoist Immortals, the largest bowl with iron-red Daoguang seal mark, 19th century. D. 6,7-11,2 cm. Estimate 500/800. Lot sold 1.600 €. Courtesy Nagel 

Minor wear.

Provenance: Property from an old German industrialist collection, assembled between 1950 and 1990.

Nagel. "Asiatische Kunst - Salzburg", 06.12.2017

Adriaen Coorte's Asparagus

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Adriaen Coorte, Strawberries, Asparagus, and Gooseberries with a Tablecloth, 1685, oil on canvas, 42 x 44 cm, Private collection.

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Adriaen Coorte, Strawberries, Asparagus, and Gooseberries in a Niche, 1685, oil on canvas, 65 × 49.5 cm (25.6 × 19.5 in), Private collection.

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Adriaen Coorte, Still Life of Asparagus and Artichoke, 1693-95, oil on paper mounted on canvas, 28.5 × 22 cm (11.2 × 8.7 in), Kurpfälzisches Museum der Stadt Heidelberg.

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Adriaen Coorte, Still Life with Asparagus, Cherries and a Butterfly, c. 1693-95. Paper on panel, Private collection, Switzerland.

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Adriaen Coorte, Asparagus and red currants on a stone ledge, second half of 17th century, oil on paper mounted on cardboard, 33.6 × 23.9 cm (13.2 × 9.4 in), signed 'A, Coorte' (lower left, on the stone ledge), Private collection.

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Adriaen Coorte, Still Life with Asparagus and Red Currants, 1696, oil on canvas, 34 × 25 cm (13.4 × 9.8 in), The Lee and Juliet Folger Fund, National Gallery of Art, Washington.

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Adriaen Coorte, Still Life of Asparagus, 1697, oil on paper mounted on panel. Height: 25 cm (9.84 in.), Width: 20 cm (7.87 in.). Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam.

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Adriaen Coorte, Still Life of Asparagus, 1699, oil on canvas. Height: 30 cm (11.81 in.), Width: 22.5 cm (8.86 in.). Ashmolean Museum of Art and Archaeology, University of Oxford.

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Adriaen Coorte, A Bundle of Asparagus, 1703, oil on canvas. Height: 30 cm (11.81 in.), Width: 23 cm (9.06 in.). Fitzwilliam Museum, University of Cambridge.

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Adriaen Coorte, Still life with asparagus, a spray of gooseberries, a bowl of strawberries and other fruit in a niche, 1703, oil on canvas, 64.3 × 51 cm (25.3 × 20.1 in), Royal Museum of Fine Arts, Antwerp.


Asia Week New York announces stellar gallery line-up for 2018

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Green Tara, Gilt copper alloy, China, Tibeto-Chinese, Yuan, 14th century. Photo: Courtesy of Dr. Robert R. Biglar.

NEW YORK, NY.- The Asia Week New York Association announces that 45 international galleries and 5 auction houses: Bonhams, Christie's, Doyle, iGavel, and Sotheby's will participate in Asia Week New York 2018, the ten-day celebration of Asian art and culture that spans the metropolitan region from March 15 through 24, 2018. 

"We are delighted to announce the 2018 roster of international galleries," says Christina Prescott-Walker, chairman of Asia Week New York. "The breadth and quality of their material is nothing short of spectacular." 

Asia Week New York welcomes several new dealers into the fold including: Bardith Ltd., (New York), Cohen and Cohen (England), Findlay Galleries (New York), Suneet Kapoor (formerly with Kapoor Galleries in New York), Robert Kuo Ltd. (Los Angeles/New York), and Tai Modern (Santa Fe). Gisèle Croës SA from Brussels returns after a year's hiatus.The returning galleries include: 

Indian, Himalayan, and Southeast Asian Art

• Walter Arader Himalayan Art (United States) 
• Dr. Robert R. Bigler (Switzerland) 
• Buddhist Art (Germany) 
• Carlo Cristi (Italy) 
• DAG Modern (United States) 
• Oliver Forge & Brendan Lynch Ltd (England) 
• Francesca Galloway (England) 
• Galerie Christophe Hioco (France) 
• Kapoor Galleries (United States) 
• Navin Kumar (United States) 
• Alexis Renard (France) 
• Runjeet Singh (England) 
• Susan Ollemans Oriental Art (England) 
• Tenzing Asian Art (United States) 

Ancient and/or Contemporary Chinese Art 

• Ralph M. Chait Galleries, Inc. (United States) 
• KAI Gallery (Formerly FitzGerald Fine Arts) (United States) 
• Michael C. Hughes LLC (United States) 
• Andrew Kahane (United States) 
• Kaikodo LLC (United States) 
• Alan Kennedy (United States) 
• J.J. Lally & Co. (United States) 
• Littleton & Hennessy Asian Art (England) 
• M. Sutherland Fine Arts, Ltd. (United States) 
• Priestley & Ferraro (England) 
• Nicholas Grindley Works of Art Ltd (United States) 
• Zetterquist Galleries (United States) 

Ancient and/or Contemporary Japanese Art 

• Dai Ichi Arts, Ltd. (United States) 
• Egenolf Gallery Japanese Prints (United States) 
• Joan B. Mirviss, Ltd. (United States) 
• Onishi Gallery (United States) 
• Scholten Japanese Art (United States) 
• The Art of Japan (United States) 
• Erik Thomsen (United States) 
• Hiroshi Yanagi Oriental Art (Japan) 
• BachmannEckenstein JapaneseArt (Switzerland), 
• Giuseppe Piva Japanese Art (Italy) 
• Ancient and Contemporary Korean 
• Kang Collection Korean Art (United States) 
• HK Art & Antiques LLC (United States) 

Concludes Prescott-Walker, "With museum-quality treasures representing countries from across the Asian continent, Asia Week New York is an integral part of the Asian art market for international collectors, curators and Asian art enthusiasts." 

The 2018 edition of Asia Week New York continues to offer a non-stop schedule of gallery open houses, auctions sales, exhibitions, lectures, symposia and special events. To celebrate the week's festivities, a private, invitation-only reception, jointly hosted with the Department of Asian Art of The Metropolitan Museum of Art will once again take place in the Museum's Asian art galleries on March 19. 

A comprehensive guide with maps will be available at participating galleries, auction houses and cultural institutions, starting February 2018 and online at asiaweekny.com. Emphasizing the strength of interest from Chinese-speaking buyers, a Chinese version of the website is available at cn.asiaweekny.com.

Sale breaks European record for Chinese artist Sanyu

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Lot 12. Sanyu (1901-1966), Pot de fleurs ou Pivoines, circa 1930. Huile sur toile, signée en bas à droite annotée au dos « Pivoines par Sanyu » et numérotée S 342 sur le châssis, 92 x 73,5 cm - 36 1/4 x 29 in. Estimation 3 000 000 - 4 000 000 €. Résultat: 8 797 500 €. Courtesy Aguttes.

Oil on canvas, signed lower right, inscribed on reverse Pivoines par Sanyu

BIBLIOGRAPHIESanyu, catalogue raisonné: oil paintings. Rita Wong. Yageo Foundation & Lin & Keng Art Publications, 2001. Reproduit en noir et blanc p.268, n°154
Sanyu, catalogue raisonné: oil paintings. Volume two. Rita Wong. Li-Ching Cultural and Educational Foundation, 2011. Reproduit p.24 figure 5, p.133 n°154 et p.160 figure 22

EXPOSITIONSanyu, Hollande, dans les années 1930-1940 (reproduit en situation au centre de l'exposition - voir catalogue raisonné tome II, p.24 figure 5 et p.160 figure 22)

PROVENANCECollection privée, Ile de France

UNE ŒUVRE OUBLIÉE DE SANYU

« Il faut être un véritable rabat-joie pour ne pas être charmé par l'oeuvre de Sanyu, parce que sa grâce légère et ses couleurs raffinées créent un enchantement auquel il est difficile de résister. Le jeune peintre chinois Sanyu... a joyeusement accepté l'héritage de l'art de ses ancêtres, mais il a aussi, à sa manière, tiré profit de certaines des nouvelles idées européennes. »
Yu Sanyu, Jan D. Voskuil (critique néerlandais), Haarlem Courant, 22 Octobre 1932, page 17

Sanyu est un peintre asiatique ayant quitté la Chine au début du XXe siècle pour parfaire son apprentissage artistique à Paris, capitale de toutes les avant-gardes.Passées les premières années d'effervescence à Montparnasse, Sanyu bénéficie de la protection d'une poignée d'amis mécènes et mentors occidentaux. Méconnu de son vivant, il produit peu et ne s'attache pas à la promotion de son oeuvre, il tombe dans l'oubli à la fin des années 1960. A la faveur des oeuvres qui ont ressurgi sur le marché depuis une vingtaine d'année, le talent de Sanyu éclate aujourd'hui au grand jour. Son art est désormais consacré par la critique et les collectionneurs voient en lui la synthèse inégalée de l'esprit des formes entre Orient et Occident.

Une enfance chinoise
Sanyu naît dans une famille aisée de la province du Sichuan, probablement en 1895 comme cela a été attesté par de récentes recherches. Son père, peintre animalier spécialisé dans les lions et les chevaux, lui transmet les rudiments de son art et lui permet de suivre l'enseignement de Zhao Xi, calligraphe réputé. Son frère aîné l'encourage dans sa passion et le soutient financièrement quand, après un bref séjour au Japon, et inspiré par une vague d'étudiants ayant choisi de voyager vers la France, Sanyu part pour Paris en 1921 pour y étudier l'art. Dans une Chine en mal de modernisation, ces jeunes idéalistes imaginent pouvoir révolutionner l'art chinois en se confrontant aux peintres d'avant-garde occidentaux qui savent si bien représenter le réel tel qu'il est, tel qu'ils le voient ou le ressentent, à l'opposé de l'art ancestral de leur pays qui privilégie de façon millénaire les voyages de l'esprit, sans laisser de place à la perception de la réalité.

Un jeune peintre Chinois à Paris
Dès son arrivée en 1921, Sanyu s'inscrit aux cours de l'Académie de la Grande Chaumière, fréquente ses camarades chinois, en particulier Xu Beihong et son épouse, au début des années 1920. À l'aise financièrement grâce au soutien de son frère ainé, il se détache cependant progressivement de ses compagnons et se consacre pleinement aux cours académiques de nu sur modèle vivant, témoignant ainsi de son intérêt pour un sujet emblématique de la peinture occidentale, dont il cherche à se rapprocher. Il applique la méthode de la calligraphie chinoise qui consiste à reproduire le même caractère jusqu'à le maîtriser totalement: les traits au pinceau sont incisifs, les esquisses se multiplient.
A partir de 1925, il expose au Salon d'Automne (1925, 1928) et parfois dans des galeries parisiennes. Il réalise ses premières peintures à l'huile en 1929, matérialisant ainsi plus encore son souhait d'intégration par ce choix, quand ses pairs restent souvent fidèles au papier de riz, à la soie, à l'encre et aux pinceaux de calligraphie.

Mécènes et protecteurs
La période du début des années 1930 est très féconde quoique la mort de son frère marque pour l'artiste la fin d'une certaine aisance financière et le début de ce qu'il appelle sa « vie de bohémien ». De façon providentielle, le travail de Sanyu est alors remarqué par le marchand d'art averti, Henri-Pierre Roché (1879-1959), connu pour avoir soutenu très activement de nombreux artistes modernes comme Picasso, Picabia, Brancusi, Man Ray ou encore Dubuffet...Ce dernier lui achète environs 111 tableaux et 600 dessins. Tout en sortant l'artiste de l'anonymat, Henri-Pierre
Roché lui donne les moyens financiers de se consacrer à son travail. Sanyu réalise à cette époque de nombreux nus avec une maîtrise de la représentation du corps humain qui, associée à une approche minimaliste et à une extrême inventivité, le font parfois surnommer le « Matisse chinois ». Un peu plus tard, deux mentors et amis marquent également la carrière de Sanyu: le musicien néerlandais Johan Franco et le photographe américain Robert Franck qui, tour à tour, l'encouragent, lui achètent des toiles et promeuvent son travail lors d'expositions organisées dans leurs pays. 

Une hybridation sans précédent
Artiste brillant, esprit curieux, devenu plus confiant dans sa maîtrise des techniques occidentales, Sanyu intègre progressivement la couleur dans son travail et continue d'affûter ses traits au cours des années 1930- 1940: il aboutit alors à un art dépouillé et serein, où la simplicité du trait et la fluidité de la ligne permettent de capter l'essence même de son sujet. Ses nus deviennent encore plus graphiques, ses fleurs plus stylisées et ses animaux plus symboliques, perdus au coeur de vastes étendues naturelles. Dans sa quête, il parvient à associer l'esprit de sa propre tradition avec le style formel moderne occidental. Comme le remarque Pierre Joffroi dans le Parisien Libéré en 1946, « Un curieux pourrait se demander si Sanyu est un Chinois qui est peintre ou un peintre qui est chinois ? La question est insoluble. Le propre de cet artiste est d'unir dans la peinture, l'Orient et l'Occident, non pas dans un amalgame confus et sacrilège, mais dans une espèce de sublimation où se perdent les points de repère habituels. Sanyu a trouvé un mot pour définir cet art si dépouillé: l'essentialisme. »

Une consécration posthume
Pourtant, en dépit de quelques périodes d'espoir et de son talent, l'oeuvre de Sanyu reste méconnue. Sa production, trop exclusive (moins de 300 toiles), ne lui permet pas d'être compris par ses contemporains.
Ses choix de sujets et la forme qu'il emploie sont en apparence alors totalement dénués de l'exotisme conformément attendu d'un chinois en Occident, et ne semblent pas non plus innovants, comparés aux avant-gardes désormais tournées vers l'abstraction.
Depuis une trentaine d'années, on assiste désormais au retour en grâce dans l'histoire de l'art chinois des artistes ayant travaillé en Occident: dans un premier temps, ceux ayant adhéréà un mouvement occidental comme l'Impressionnisme ont bénéficié de l'attrait intrinsèque de ces courants désormais très recherchés. Mais le mystère qui entoure la vie de Sanyu, l'atypisme de sa démarche et surtout la rareté de ses oeuvres ont rendu encore plus tardive la reconnaissance qui lui est donnée aujourd'hui. Aujourd'hui, le monde entier salue enfin un artiste qui a su incarner l'esprit des Lettrés chinois dans une forme résolument moderne.

Un musicien pour mentor
Nul ne sait vraiment comment Sanyu rencontre Johan Franco. Ce dernier, néerlandais et compositeur, joue pourtant un rôle décisif dans la vie et la carrière du jeune peintre, au début des années 1930. En effet, non seulement les deux hommes se lient d'amitié mais, entre 1931 et 1934, Johan Franco encourage Sanyu dans son travail et lui procure finances, contacts et lieux d'expositions. Il ne ménage pas sa peine pour le présenter à différents collectionneurs hollandais et belges.
Son départ pour les États-Unis à la fin des années 1930 marque la fin de cette collaboration intense, mais le mécène conserve pendant de longues années une rare collection de peintures, estampes, sculptures et d'archives, dispersée aux enchères au milieu des années 1990.

La Dutch Connection
Lorsque Franco prend le jeune Sanyu sous son aile, il gravite dans une famille d'artistes.
Son père, Salomon Franco, était architecte. Sa mère, Margaretha Gosshalk était peintre.
Son prénom, Johan, est dûà son oncle, Johan Gosshalk, illustrateur ayant épousé la veuve de Théo van Gogh en 1901. Tout au long de sa vie, Johan Franco garde un lien avec l'art ne serait-ce que par son métier de compositeur, mais également en fréquentant assidument un autre de ses oncles, David van Buren, collectionneur riche et influent, ainsi que son cousin Vincent Willem van Gogh. Ce petit groupe contribue à la mise en oeuvre de plusieurs expositions présentant le travail de Sanyu, à la Galerie J.H. de Bois à Haarlem en 1931, puis à la Kuntzaal van Lier Gallery à Amsterdam en 1933 et 1934.

Une critique intriguée
La plupart des critiques néerlandais comprennent alors mal l'art de Sanyu qu'ils jugent trop simple et presque trop européen dans sa forme. On reconnait cependant les caractères picturaux de notre tableau dans la description de l'un d'entre eux: « Les feuilles de ses compositions florales sont, sauf rares exceptions, peintes en noir ou gris, les fleurs sont roses et les fonds sont blancs comme d'antiques fresques, ou noirs ». Pour un autre, conquis, Sanyu porte dans son art une étonnante hybridation culturelle: « Celui qui n'est pas charmé par le travail de Sanyu est un vrai goujat, car sa légèreté et ses couleurs raffinées, créent un charme auquel il est difficile de résister. Le jeune Chinois a accepté avec joie l'héritage douloureux de ses ancêtres, tout en profitant de quelques idées européennes.»

De précieux témoignages
Les archives de Johan Franco révèlent les photographies d'une exposition très informelle, mêlant arts décoratifs, peintures, dessins et sculptures de Sanyu. Ces clichés ont probablement été pris en 1933-1934 ou bien lors d'une exposition postérieure, toujours à Amsterdam à la fin des années 1930, comme pourrait en attester la présence de sculptures.
Quoiqu'en noir et blanc, notre peinture est bien visible au mur sur l'un des clichés: ses branchages sculpturaux et la force de son fond noir contrastent avec la lascivité du Nu rose qu'elle côtoie.

Une oeuvre retrouvée
Si l'on sait ainsi que Pot de fleurs est créé au début des années 1930 et exposéà Amsterdam grâce à Johan Franco, sa trace est perdue ensuite. Répertoriée au catalogue raisonné mais non localisée, cette oeuvre réapparaît après qu'elle ait été conservée depuis plus de 70 ans près de Paris, et nous en découvrons aujourd'hui la subtilité des couleurs jusqu'alors inconnues de tous.

POT DE FLEURS, UNE OEUVRE INÉDITE, AUX SOURCES DE L'ART DE SANYU 
La trace de cette oeuvre ayant été perdue depuis son exposition aux Pays-Bas dans les années 1930-1940, elle révèle aujourd'hui au marché ses couleurs jusqu'alors inconnues.Importante, elle illustre l'évolution de l'art de Sanyu à une période charnière de sa jeune carrière et synthétise l'essence même de son art, entre sérénité orientale et esthétique occidentale.Le thème des fleurs est omniprésent dans l'art de Sanyu dont l'une des premières oeuvres datée est, en 1929, un « Pot de chrysanthèmes blanches » sur fond rose.Ces fleurs, dessinées à l'encre de Chine, peintes en aplats colorés ou ciselées dans un fond sombre, sont un sujet à part entière que l'artiste décline à l'envi tout au long de sa carrière.Les fleurs en pots occupent une place centrale dans son travail et lui permettent de se livrer à une mise en scène sculpturale des branchages qui n'est pas sans rappeler l'art ancestral asiatique du bonsaï. Il se dit que l'artiste, généreux et plein d'humour, offrait parfois un « Pot de fleur » en guise de cadeau.

Période rose et noir
Dans les années 1930, la peinture de Sanyu est très reconnaissable à sa palette réduite.
Le rose est la couleur prédominante pour les sujets principaux qu'il s'agisse de corps, de fleurs ou d'animaux, mis en scène sur des fonds blancs opalescents ou des noirs d'encre. Si le rose est à la mode dans les années 1930, pour Sanyu le choix de cette couleur n'est pas futile. Il a épousé une camarade rencontrée à Paris au cours de dessin de la Grande Chaumière et il vit une période heureuse sur le plan matériel, créatif et sentimental.
Comme Picasso en son temps, Sanyu s'adonne alors à une « période rose » comme pour exprimer ses sensations dans son art et, dans l'oeuvre de ces deux artistes, le rose évoque la douceur et le bien-être.Franc et joyeux dans les nus en aplats de Sanyu, il teinte les compositions florales ou animalières d'une délicate chaleur. Les fleurs, peintes d'un trait ferme et vigoureux dans un contraste de couleurs souvent violent, rosissent délicatement donnant ainsi vie à la composition.
À partir des années 1940-1950, le travail de Sanyu se teinte de nuances brunes, vert de jade ou bleu de Chine mais il conserve ce procédé de contraste de couleurs saturées avec des tonalités plus douces.

Comme un découpage chinois
Notre tableau se situe pleinement dans cette exploration colorielle des années 1930: le pot, les branches, les feuilles et les pétales des chrysanthèmes sont peints dans un dégradé nuancé de blanc ivoire et de vieux rose et semblent littéralement aspirer leur couleur du sol texturé, également peint en rose, qui figure la terre nourricière. Ces tonalités apaisantes tranchent avec le fond noir en aplat et se détachent sur ce dernier à la manière d'un papier découpé chinois, l'un des plus vieux beaux-arts populaires, ou à la manière de certaines techniques de porcelaine, créant un effet d'évidement finement détaillé. C'est comme si Sanyu avait révélé la fleur qui se cachait derrière ce glacis noir.

Spiritualité en deux dimensions
Si le travail peint des années 1930 de Sanyu prend délibérément une forme occidentale de par les sujets qu'il répète inlassablement - la nature morte et le nu - et de par l'usage de la peinture à l'huile parfois presque pure à la manière des fauves, il n'oublie pas pour autant de nous transmettre les techniques et l'esprit de la Chine. Sanyu nous propose en toute simplicité sa propre exploration intellectuelle de la représentation spatiale: l'espace est un tout indéfini et global dans lequel le spectateur peut se projeter spirituellement comme le voudrait la tradition orientale, la composition florale est celle d'une nature idéalisée par les Lettrés Chinois mais intègre cependant l'observation visuelle directe propre à la tradition occidentale.
Avec Pot de fleurs, Sanyu ne propose pas seulement l'esthétisme d'une nature morte en rose et noir, il convoque une réflexion culturelle et spirituelle entre Orient et Occident.

« Sanyu, inventeur de l'essentialisme, ne peint ni en français ni en chinois. »
Article du Parisien Libéré, 1946 (cf p29)

 

Sanyu is an Asian painter who left China early in the 20th century to complete his artistic training in Paris, the capital of the avant-garde.
The initial years of artistic effervescence in Montparnasse having come to an end, Sanyu benefitted from the support of a number of western patron friends and mentors. Little known in his lifetime, he was neither prolific nor did he particularly seek to promote his work, so he was forgotten by the end of the 1960s. Thanks to works reappearing on the market over the last twenty years, the talent of Sanyu has recently been brought to light. His art now receives attention from critics, and collectors see in Sanyu an unparalleled synthesis of the sense of forms both from Asia and the West.

A Chinese childhood
Sanyu came from a wealthy family in Sichuan Province where, according to recent research, he was probably born in 1895. His father, an animal painter specialized in lions an dhorses, taught his son the rudiments of his art and allowed him to follow the teaching of Zhao Xi, the renowned calligrapher. Sanyu's older brother encouraged his passion and supported him financially when, after a brief stay in Japan and inspired by a spate of students choosing to travel to France, Sanyu moved to Paris to study art in 1921. In China, which was struggling with modernization, these young idealists imagined they could revolutionize Chinese art through exposure to the western painters of the avant-garde. They knew how to portray reality as it was, as it physically appeared, and as they felt it. This was very much theopposite to their country's ancestral traditions which for millennia had prefered journeys of the mind without leaving room for individual perceptions of reality. 

A young Chinese painter in Paris
Upon arriving in 1921, Sanyu signed up for classes at the Académie de la Grande Chaumière, where he spent time with his Chinese comrades, in particular with Xu Beihong and his wife, in the early 1920s. Comfortable financially thanks to his older brother's support, he gradually loosened ties with his companions to dedicate his time to academic figure drawing classes. This demonstrated his interest in an iconic subject of western painting, toward which he sought to move closer. He applied the method of Chinese calligraphy, which consisted of reproducing one character until perfect mastery, and made manifold sketches with distinctly defined brushstrokes. From 1925 onward, he exhibited at the Salon d'Automne (in 1925 and 1928) and sometimes in Parisian galleries. He made his first oil paintings in 1929, thereby achieving complete integration while his fellow countrymen often kept to rice paper, silk, ink, and calligraphy brushes.

Patrons and protectors
The period in the early 1930s was very prolific, even though his brother's death put an end to Sanyu's financial ease and marked the beginning of what he called his “bohemian life”. It was providential when Sanyu was noticed by the experienced art dealer Henri-Pierre Roché (1879-1959), known for having actively supported many modern artists, including Picasso, Brancusi, Man Ray, and Dubuffet. Roché purchased about 111 paintings and 600 drawings from Sanyu.
As well as extracting him from anonymity, Henri-Pierre Roché gave him the financial means he needed to devote himself his work.
Sanyu made many nudes in this period and showed his mastery in depicting the human body which, combined with his minimalist approach and great inventiveness, resulted in Sanyu at times being called the “Chinese Matisse”. A little later, two friends and mentors also had a significant impact on Sanyu's career. The Dutch musician Johan Franco and the American photographer Robert Frank successively encouraged him, purchased art supplies, and promoted exhibitions of his in their countries.

Unprecedented hybridization
A brilliant, inquisitive artist who had gained confidence in his command of western techniques, Sanyu gradually came to use color in his work and continued refining his work in the years 1930 to 1940. This is how he reached a spare, tranquil form of art in which the simplicity and fluidity of his strokes and lines allowed to capture the very essence of his subjects. His nudes became very close to the graphic arts, the flowers he depicted were more stylized, and his animals of greater symbolic value as they appeared in vast expanses of nature. He succeeded in merging the thinking of his own tradition with the stylistic forms of modern western art. Like Pierre Joffroi wrote in the Parisien Libéré in 1946, “A curious mind might wonder if Sanyu is a Chinese man who paints or a painter who is Chinese. It is an insoluble question. This painter's singularity is that he, in painting, brings together the East and the West, not in a confusing or irreverent amalgam but in a form of sublimation without the typical points of reference. Sanyu has found a word to describe his work that appears in sparse forms: essentialism.”

Posthumous recognition
Despite a few moments of hope and his great talent, Sanyu's work was to remain little known. His limited output (no more than 300 paintings) did not help his contemporaries gain insight and understanding.
His choice of subjects and the forms he used, seemed to lack the exoticism expected from a Chinese artist in the West, nor did it appear innovative compared to the avant-garde artists who were turning to abstraction.
For thirty years now, there has been renewed interest in Chinese art history for artists having worked in the West. First, those who had joined a Western movement such as Impressionism have benefited from the appeal of these now highly sought-after movements.
But the mystery that surrounds Sanyu's life, his unusual style and, above all, the rarity of his works, have made his recognition come even later. Today, the whole world is finally welcoming an artist who was capable of giving shape to the spirit of Chinese arts in a resolutely modern form.

A musician as a mentor
No one really knows how Sanyu met Johan Franco. This Dutchman who was a composer nevertheless played a decisive role in the young painter's life and career at the beginning of the 1930s. Not only did the two men become friends but, between 1931 and 1934, Johan Franco also encouraged Sanyu and provided him with finances, contacts, and exhibition venues. He made every effort to introduce him to various Dutch and Belgian collectors. Their intense collaboration came to an end in the late 1930s when Johan Franco moved to the United States, but he for many years kept a rare collection of paintings, prints, sculptures, and archives, that were dispersed at auction in the middle of the 1990s.

The Dutch Connection
Sanyu was drawn into a family of artists when Johan Franco took young Sanyu under his wing. His father, Salomon Franco, was an architect. His mother, Margaretha Gosshalk, was a painter. His first name, Johan, came from his uncle, Johan Gosshalk, an illustrator who married Theo van Gogh's widow in 1901.
Johan Franco kept a tie to art throughout his life, if only as a composer. He also frequently saw another uncle of his, David van Buren, a rich and influential collector, as well as his cousin Vincent Willem van Gogh. This small group of people contributed to several exhibitions which featured work by Sanyu at J.H. de Bois Gallery, Haarlem, in 1931, and at the Kunstzaal van Lier Gallery, Amsterdam, in 1933 and 1934.

Fascinated Critics
Most Dutch critics at the time had a poor understanding of Sanyu's art which they considered too simple and almost too European.
One can nonetheless discern our work's pictorial characteristics in one of their descriptions: “The leaves of his floral compositions are, with rare exceptions, painted in black or grey, the flowers are pink and the grounds are white, like ancient frescoes, or black.” For another who was won over by Sanyu's art, it contained an astonishing cultural symbiosis: “Who is not charmed by the work of Sanyu is a boor, because his agility and delicate colors are appealing in a way that is hard to resist.
The young Chinese artist has gladly accepted the delicate heritage of his ancestors while capitalizing on a few European ideas.”

Valuable testimonies
Johan Franco's archives hold the photographs of an informal exhibition that mixed decorative arts, paintings, drawings, and sculptures by Sanyu. These pictures were probably taken in 1933-1934 or during an exhibition in Amsterdam in the late 1930s, as the presence of these sculptures suggests.
Although in black and white, our painting can be discerned on the wall in one photograph.
Its sculptural branches and the black ground's remarkable force are a contrast to the sensual Nu rose (‘Rose Nude') nearby.

A rediscovered artwork
We thus know that Pot de fleurs (Pot of Flowers) was created in the early 1930s and exhibited in Amsterdam thanks to Johan Franco, but all trace of it had been lost since.
Listed in the catalogue raisonné but not located, this artwork reappeared after having been kept near Paris for nearly 70 years. This is how we now get to discover the subtle color combinations which up until today had been unknown to all.

POT DE FLEURS (POT OF FLOWERS), AN UNSEEN WORK, AT THE SOURCE OF SANYU'S ART
All trace of this artwork had disappeared since it was exhibited in the Netherlands in the years 1930-1940. Today, it shows previously unknown colors to the market and illustrates how Sanyu's art evolved at a crucial time in his early years. It unites the very essence of his art, on the cusp between Eastern serenity and Western esthetics.
The flower was an ever-present theme in Sanyu's art, with Pot de chrysanthèmes blanches (Pot of White Chrysanthemums, 1929) on a pink background being one of his first dated works. Flowers, drawn in Indian ink and painted in areas of solid color or carved into a dark background, were a subject matter in their own right which the artist repeatedly used throughout his life.
Flowers in pots played a major role in his work. They allowed Sanyu to devote himself to a sculptural rendering of the branches in a manner reminiscent of the ancient Asian art of bonsai.
It has been said that the artist, generous and humorous, sometimes gave a “pot of flowers” as a gift.

Pink and black period
Sanyu's painting of the 1930s is easily recognizable by its restricted palette. Pink is the predominant color of his main subjects, including bodies, flowers, and animals, presented against iridescent white backgrounds or black ink. Although pink was a fashionable color in the 1930s, Sanyu's chose the color purposefully. He married a companion he had met during his drawing lessons at the Grande Chaumière and experienced a happy period in his life materially, creatively, and emotionally.
Like Picasso in his day, Sanyu indulged in a “rose period”. So when expressing feelings pink in both artists' work appears to evoke gentleness and well-being.
Candid and cheerful in his solid colored nudes, Sanyu gave his floral and animal compositions gentle warmth. The flowers, painted in firm, vigorous strokes with vibrant color contrasts, delicately turn pink, thereby breathing life into the composition.
From 1940-1950, Sanyu's work contained tints of brown, jade green and Chinese blue, but he maintained the process of contrasting saturated colors with softer hues.

Like a Chinese paper-cut
Our painting is entirely within this chromatic exploration of the 1930s. The pot, branches, leaves, and petals of the chrysanthemums are painted in a nuanced gradation of ivory white and old rose. The flowers seem to literally absorb their color from the textured floor, also painted in pink, which represents the nourishing earth. The soothing hues contrast strongly with the solid black background, against which they stand out like a Chinese paper-cut, one of the oldest Chinese folk arts, or like certain porcelain techniques, thus giving rise to remarkably fine detail. It is as if Sanyu unveiled a flower that was hidden behind the black glazing.

Spirituality in two dimensions
If the work he painted in the 1930s deliberately engaged with western art through the incessantly repeated subjects of still lifes and nudes, and by the use sometimes of almost pure areas of oil paint in a fauvist manner, Sanyu never forgot to share the techniques and the spirit of China. With great simplicity, he puts forward his personal intellectual examination of spatial representation: space is an indefinite, all-encompassing whole into which the viewer can enter spiritually as desired by Eastern tradition, and floral compositions represent nature as idealized by Chinese scholars, but
Sanyu's nonetheless comprise direct visual observation which is particular to the Western tradition.
With Pot de fleurs, Sanyu offers not only still life esthetics in pink and black, but also renders cultural and spiritual considerations from the East as well as the West.

Sanyu, the inventor of essentialism, paints neither in French nor in Chinese.”
Article in Parisien Libéré, 1976

A fine and very rare rhinoceros horn 'Shoulao and Eight Immortals' libation cup, Wanli period (1573-1620)

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A fine and very rare rhinoceros horn 'Shoulao and Eight Immortals' libation cup, Wanli period

A fine and very rare rhinoceros horn 'Shoulao and Eight Immortals' libation cup, Wanli period (1573-1620)

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Lot 263. A fine and very rare rhinoceros horn 'Shoulao and Eight Immortals' libation cup, Wanli period (1573-1620). L. 14,3 cm. Estimate 30,000/50,000 €. Lot sold 28.000 €. Courtesy Nagel

finely carved as a veined lotus leaf, carved on the exterior in relief with Shoulao, the God of Longevity, flanked by a deer and flying on a crane, surrounded by the Eight Immortals, each holding his respective attribute, all below relief carved ruyi-shaped clouds, raised on an openwork base in the form of rocks, the interior undecorated, the horn of honey-brown tone. Slightly chipped, few small repairs, very minor losses.

ProvenanceProperty from an old North German private collection, inherited 1970 from a family member by the present owner.

NoteCompare related rhinoceros horn libation cups, similarly carved with the Daoist Immortals, 17th century, in the Osaka Municipal Museum, and in the Chester Beatty Library, illustrated by J.Chapman, The Art of Rhinoceros Horn Carving in China, London, 1999, pls.266 and 270-271; see also the cup illustrated by T.Fok, Connoisseurship of Rhinoceros Horn Carving in China, Hong Kong, 1999, pl.82.

For a related rhinoceros horn libation cup, early Qing dynasty, carved with the Eight Immortals, from the Qing Court collection, see The Complete Collection of Treasures of the Palace Museum: Bamboo, Wood, Ivory and Rhinoceros Horn Carvings, Hong Kong, 2002, pl.148.

The figures represented on the exterior of the rhinoceros horn cup are Shoulao and the Eight Immortals, a group of legendary deities depicted in Chinese Daoist mythology, consisting of Lu Dongbin, He Xiangu, Lan Caihe, Zhang Guolao, Han Xiangzi, Zhong Liquan, Li Tieguai and Cao Guojiu. Together they form the auspicious pun representing wishes for longevity, baxian pengshou. This subject matter would have been suitable for a birthday celebration.

See a related rhinoceros horn 'Eight Immortals' libation cup, early 17th century, which was sold at Christie's Hong Kong, 28 November 2012, lot 2165; another related example, 17th century, was sold at Christie's New York, 15 September 2011, lot 1233.

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A carved rhinoceros horn 'Eight Immortals and Shoulao' libation cup, Ming dynasty, early 17th century. Price realised HKD 1,340,000 (USD 173,744) at Christie's Hong Kong, 28 November 2012, lot 2165 © Christie's Images Ltd 2012

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A very rare 'Eight Immortals' rhinoceros horn cup. 17th century. Price realised USD 290,500 at Christie's New York, 15 September 2011, lot 1233. © Christie's Images Ltd 2011 

Nagel. "Asiatische Kunst - Salzburg", 06.12.2017

A fine light amber rhinoceros horn libation cup with four immortals and prunus, bamboo and pine with magnolia and rocks, 17th ce

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A fine light amber rhinoceros horn libation cup with four immortals and prunus, bamboo and pine with magnolia and rocks, 17th century

A fine light amber rhinoceros horn libation cup with four immortals and prunus, bamboo and pine with magnolia and rocks, 17th century

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Lot 264. A fine light amber rhinoceros horn libation cup with four immortals and prunus, bamboo and pine with magnolia and rocks, 17th century. L.14/H.12,6(20,6 cm). Estimate 20,000/30,000 €. Lot sold 40.000 €. Courtesy Nagel

finely carved wood stand. Polished chips to mouth rim, very slightly chipped, fine age cracks. 

Provenance: Property from an old German private collection, bought prior 1990.

Note: Cf. T. Fok, Connoisseurship of Rhinoceros Horn Carving in China, Hong Kong, 1999, p. 207, no. 151 - g.

The decorative theme rendered on the present cup depicting a naturalistic landscape inhabited by scholars clearly illustrates the influence of contemporaneous paintings and the subject-matter was popularly adopted by master craftsmen for decoration on rhinoceros horn carvings.

Nagel. "Asiatische Kunst - Salzburg", 06.12.2017

A large full-tip rhinoceros horn cup with lotus and reed, 18th century

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A large full-tip rhinoceros horn cup with lotus and reed, 18th century

A large full-tip rhinoceros horn cup with lotus and reed, 18th century

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Lot 275. A large full-tip rhinoceros horn cup with lotus and reed, 18th century. L. 49 cm. Estimate 20.000/30.000 €. Lot sold 50.000 €. Courtesy Nagel

Very slightly chipped

ProvenanceProperty from an old German private collection, assembled prior 1990.

Nagel. "Asiatische Kunst - Salzburg", 06.12.2017

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